Akwai nau'ikan kayan aiki daban-daban da yawa waɗanda ke buƙatar hatimi mai jujjuyawar da ke wucewa ta cikin gidaje masu tsaye. Misalai guda biyu na gama gari sune famfo da mahaɗa (ko masu tayar da hankali). Yayin da asali
ka'idodin rufe kayan aiki daban-daban suna kama da juna, akwai bambancin da ke buƙatar mafita daban-daban. Wannan rashin fahimta ta haifar da rikici kamar kiran Cibiyar Man Fetur ta Amurka
(API) 682 (madaidaicin hatimin injin famfo) lokacin ƙayyadaddun hatimai don mahaɗa. Lokacin yin la'akari da hatimin inji don famfo da mahaɗa, akwai ƴan bambance-bambance a bayyane tsakanin nau'ikan biyu. Misali, famfunan da aka yi sama da fadi suna da gajeriyar tazara (yawanci ana auna su da inci) daga mai kunnawa zuwa radial bearing idan aka kwatanta da na'ura mai haɗawa na sama (yawanci ana auna ƙafafu).
Wannan doguwar nisa mara tallafi yana haifar da ƙaƙƙarfan dandamali mai ƙarfi tare da mafi girman radial runout, daidaitaccen daidaituwa da daidaituwa fiye da famfo. Ƙarfafawar runbun kayan aiki yana haifar da ƙalubalen ƙira don hatimin injina. Idan jujjuyawar igiyar ta kasance radial kawai fa? Zayyana hatimi don wannan yanayin za a iya cika shi cikin sauƙi ta hanyar ƙara sharewa tsakanin jujjuyawar abubuwan da ke tsaye tare da faɗaɗa hatimin saman da ke gudana. Kamar yadda ake zargi, batutuwan ba su da sauƙi. Load da gefe a kan impeller(s), duk inda suka kwanta a kan mahaɗin mahaɗa, suna ba da juzu'i wanda ke fassara ta hanyar hatimi zuwa wurin farko na goyan bayan shaft-akwatin radial bearing. Saboda karkatar da igiya tare da motsin pendulum, karkatarwar ba aikin layi ba ne.
Wannan zai sami radial da ɓangaren kusurwa zuwa gare shi wanda ke haifar da rashin daidaituwa a cikin hatimi wanda zai iya haifar da matsala ga hatimin inji. Ana iya ƙididdige jujjuyawar idan an san mahimman halayen shaft da loda. Misali, API 682 ya bayyana cewa jujjuyawar radial a fuskar hatimin famfo ya kamata ya zama daidai da ko ƙasa da inci 0.002 gabaɗayan karatun da aka nuna (TIR) a mafi tsananin yanayi. Matsakaicin matsakaici akan babban mahaɗin shigarwa tsakanin 0.03 zuwa 0.150 inci TIR. Matsaloli a cikin hatimin inji wanda zai iya faruwa saboda juzu'in juzu'i da yawa sun haɗa da ƙara lalacewa ga abubuwan hatimin, jujjuya abubuwan da ke tuntuɓar abubuwan da ke tsaye, jujjuyawa da tsinkewar O-ring mai ƙarfi (wanda ke haifar da gazawar O-ring ko rataye fuska. ). Wadannan duka na iya haifar da rage rayuwar hatimi. Saboda yawan motsin da ke tattare da mahaɗa, hatimin injina na iya nuna ɗigon ɗigo idan aka kwatanta da makamancinsafamfo like, wanda zai iya haifar da jan hatimin ba dole ba da/ko ma gazawar da ba a kai ba idan ba a kula da shi sosai ba.
Akwai lokutta lokacin aiki tare da masana'antun kayan aiki da fahimtar ƙirar kayan aikin inda za'a iya shigar da abin birgima a cikin harsashi na hatimi don iyakance angular a fuskokin hatimin da rage waɗannan matsalolin. Dole ne a kula don aiwatar da nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i)) kuma an fahimci abubuwan da za a iya ɗauka gaba daya ko kuma matsalar na iya yin muni ko ma haifar da wata sabuwar matsala, tare da ƙari. Masu siyar da hatimi yakamata suyi aiki tare da OEM da masana'antun masu ɗaukar nauyi don tabbatar da ƙirar da ta dace.
Aikace-aikacen hatimin hatimi yawanci ƙananan gudu ne (juyawa 5 zuwa 300 a minti ɗaya [rpm]) kuma ba za su iya amfani da wasu hanyoyin gargajiya don kiyaye ruwan shamaki suyi sanyi ba. Misali, a cikin Shirin 53A don hatimi biyu, ana samar da shingen ruwa mai ɗumbin yanayi ta hanyar yin famfo na ciki kamar dunƙule famfo axial. Kalubalen shine fasalin famfo ya dogara da saurin kayan aiki don samar da kwarara kuma saurin haɗuwa na yau da kullun bai isa ba don samar da ƙimar kwarara mai amfani. Labari mai dadi shine cewa hatimin fuskar da ke haifar da zafi ba gabaɗaya ba shine abin da ke haifar da yanayin zafin shamaki ya tashi a cikin wanihatimin mahaɗa. Jiƙan zafi ne daga tsarin wanda zai iya haifar da haɓakar yanayin yanayin shamaki tare da yin ƙananan abubuwan hatimi, fuskoki da elastomer, alal misali, mai rauni ga yanayin zafi. Ƙananan abubuwan haɗin hatimi, kamar fuskokin hatimi da O-zobba, sun fi rauni saboda kusancin tsari. Ba zafi ba ne ke lalata fuskokin hatimi kai tsaye, sai dai rage danko da sabili da haka, lubricity na ruwan shamaki a ƙananan hatimin fuskoki. Lubrication mara kyau yana haifar da lalacewar fuska saboda lamba. Za a iya shigar da wasu fasalulluka na ƙira a cikin harsashin hatimi don kiyaye yanayin zafi ƙasa da kare abubuwan hatimin.
Ana iya ƙirƙira hatimin injina don mahaɗa tare da coils masu sanyaya na ciki ko jaket waɗanda ke da alaƙa kai tsaye da ruwan shamaki. Waɗannan fasalulluka sune rufaffiyar madauki, ƙarancin matsa lamba, tsarin ƙarancin ruwa wanda ke da ruwa mai sanyaya yawo ta hanyar su yana aiki azaman mai haɗaɗɗun zafi. Wata hanya ita ce a yi amfani da spool mai sanyaya a cikin kwandon hatimi tsakanin ƙananan hatimi da kayan hawan kayan aiki. Wurin sanyaya rami rami ne wanda ruwan sanyi mai ƙarancin ƙarfi zai iya gudana ta don ƙirƙirar shinge mai rufewa tsakanin hatimi da jirgin ruwa don iyakance jiƙan zafi. Wurin sanyaya da aka ƙera da kyau zai iya hana yawan zafin jiki wanda zai iya haifar da lalacewarufe fuskada elastomers. Jiƙan zafi daga tsarin yana haifar da yanayin zafin shamaki ya tashi maimakon.
Ana iya amfani da waɗannan fasalulluka biyu na ƙira tare ko ɗaya don taimakawa sarrafa yanayin zafi a hatimin inji. Sau da yawa, ana ƙayyadadden hatimin injina don mahaɗa don dacewa da API 682, 4th Edition Category 1, kodayake waɗannan injunan ba su cika buƙatun ƙira a cikin API 610/682 na aiki, girma da/ko na inji. Wannan yana iya zama saboda masu amfani da ƙarshen sun saba da kuma jin daɗin API 682 a matsayin ƙayyadaddun hatimi kuma ba su san wasu ƙayyadaddun masana'antu waɗanda suka fi dacewa da waɗannan injuna / hatimi ba. Ayyukan Masana'antu (PIP) da Deutsches Institut Fur Normung (DIN) sune ka'idodin masana'antu guda biyu waɗanda suka fi dacewa da waɗannan nau'ikan hatimi - DIN 28138/28154 ƙa'idodin an daɗe da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙirar OEMs a Turai, kuma an yi amfani da PIP RESM003 azaman ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun buƙatu don hatimin injina akan kayan haɗawa. A waje da waɗannan ƙayyadaddun bayanai, babu ƙa'idodin masana'antu da aka saba aiwatarwa, wanda ke haifar da nau'ikan nau'ikan hatimi iri-iri, jurewar injin, jujjuyawar shaft, ƙirar akwatin gear, shirye-shiryen ɗaukar kaya, da sauransu, wanda ya bambanta daga OEM zuwa OEM.
Wurin mai amfani da masana'antar za su tantance ko wane ɗayan waɗannan ƙayyadaddun bayanai ne zai fi dacewa da rukunin yanar gizon sumahautsini inji like. Ƙayyadaddun API 682 don hatimin mahaɗa na iya zama ƙarin kuɗi da rikitarwa mara amfani. Duk da yake yana yiwuwa a haɗa API 682-cancantaccen hatimi na asali a cikin tsarin mahaɗa, wannan tsarin yawanci yana haifar da sasantawa duka dangane da yarda da API 682 da kuma dacewa da ƙira don aikace-aikacen mahaɗa. Hoto 3 yana nuna jerin bambance-bambance tsakanin hatimi na API 682 Category 1 tare da hatimin injin mahaɗa na yau da kullun.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-26-2023