La'akari da Zaɓin Hatimi - Shigar da Hatimin Injini Biyu na Babban Matsi

Shirye-shiryen 3 hatimin inji sunehatimi biyuinda aka kiyaye shingen ruwan shamaki tsakanin hatimi a matsi mafi girma fiye da matsi na ɗakin hatimi. A tsawon lokaci, masana'antar ta haɓaka dabaru da yawa don ƙirƙirar yanayin matsananciyar matsa lamba da ake buƙata don waɗannan hatimi. Ana ɗaukar waɗannan dabarun a cikin tsare-tsaren bututun hatimin inji. Yayin da yawancin waɗannan tsare-tsare suna aiki iri ɗaya ayyuka, halayen aiki na kowannensu na iya bambanta sosai kuma za su yi tasiri ga duk sassan tsarin rufewa.

Tsarin bututun bututun 53B, kamar yadda API 682 ya ayyana, shirin bututu ne wanda ke matsar da ruwan shamaki tare da tara mai cajin mafitsara na nitrogen. Mafitsara mai matsa lamba yana aiki kai tsaye akan ruwan shamaki, yana matsawa duk tsarin rufewa. Mafitsara yana hana tuntuɓar kai tsaye tsakanin iskar gas ɗin matsi da ruwan shamaki yana kawar da iskar gas a cikin ruwan. Wannan yana ba da damar yin amfani da Tsarin Bututun 53B a cikin aikace-aikacen matsin lamba fiye da Tsarin Piping 53A. Halin da ke tattare da kai na mai tarawa kuma yana kawar da buƙatar samar da isasshen nitrogen, wanda ya sa tsarin ya dace don shigarwa mai nisa.

Fa'idodin tara mafitsara, duk da haka, an daidaita su ta wasu halayen tsarin aiki. Tsarin Bututun 53B yana ƙayyade matsa lamba kai tsaye ta matsin iskar gas a cikin mafitsara. Wannan matsa lamba na iya canzawa da matuƙar girma saboda sauye-sauye da yawa.

Dole ne a yi cajin mafitsara a cikin mai tarawa kafin a saka ruwan shamaki cikin tsarin. Wannan yana haifar da tushen duk ƙididdiga na gaba da fassarar ayyukan tsarin. Ainihin matsi na cajin ya dogara ne akan matsawar aiki don tsarin da ƙimar aminci na ruwan shamaki a cikin tarawa. Har ila yau, matsa lamba kafin cajin ya dogara da zafin gas a cikin mafitsara. Lura: an saita matsa lamba kafin caji kawai a farkon ƙaddamar da tsarin kuma ba za a daidaita shi ba yayin aiki na ainihi.

Matsin iskar gas a cikin mafitsara zai bambanta dangane da yanayin zafin gas. A mafi yawan lokuta, zafin iskar gas zai lura da yanayin zafi a wurin shigarwa. Aikace-aikace a cikin yankuna inda akwai manyan canje-canje na yau da kullum da yanayin yanayi a yanayin zafi zai fuskanci babban motsi a cikin matsa lamba na tsarin.

Amfanin Ruwan KayaYayin aiki, hatimin injin za su cinye ruwan shamaki ta hanyar zubar hatimi na yau da kullun. Wannan ruwan shamaki yana cike da ruwan da ke cikin mai tarawa, yana haifar da fadada iskar gas a cikin mafitsara da raguwar matsa lamba na tsarin. Waɗannan canje-canje aiki ne na girman mai tarawa, ƙimar hatimin hatimi, da tazarar da ake buƙata don tsarin (misali, kwanaki 28).

Canji a matsa lamba tsarin shine hanya ta farko da mai amfani na ƙarshe ke bibiyar aikin hatimi. Hakanan ana amfani da matsa lamba don ƙirƙirar ƙararrawa mai kulawa da gano gazawar hatimi. Koyaya, matsin lamba zai ci gaba da canzawa yayin da tsarin ke aiki. Ta yaya mai amfani zai saita matsa lamba a cikin Tsarin 53B? Yaushe ya zama dole don ƙara ruwan shamaki? Nawa ya kamata a kara ruwa?

Saitin lissafin injiniya na farko da aka buga don tsarin Tsarin 53B ya bayyana a cikin API 682 Bugu na Hudu. Annex F yana ba da umarnin mataki-mataki kan yadda ake tantance matsi da juzu'i na wannan tsarin bututun. Ɗaya daga cikin buƙatun API 682 mafi fa'ida shine ƙirƙirar madaidaicin farantin suna don tara mafitsara (API 682 Bugu na huɗu, Tebu 10). Wannan farantin suna yana ƙunshe da tebur wanda ke ɗaukar pre-caji, cikawa, da matsi na ƙararrawa don tsarin akan kewayon yanayin zafin yanayi a wurin aikace-aikacen. Lura: Teburin da ke cikin ma'auni misali ne kawai kuma cewa ainihin ƙimar za su canza sosai idan aka yi amfani da su zuwa takamaiman aikace-aikacen filin.

Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman zato na Hoto 2 shine cewa ana sa ran Shirin Bututun 53B zai ci gaba da aiki kuma ba tare da canza matsa lamba na farko ba. Har ila yau, akwai tsammanin cewa tsarin zai iya fallasa zuwa yanayin zafin jiki gaba ɗaya cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. Waɗannan suna da tasiri mai mahimmanci a cikin ƙirar tsarin kuma suna buƙatar cewa ana sarrafa tsarin a matsi mafi girma fiye da sauran tsare-tsaren bututun hatimi biyu.

Yin amfani da Hoto 2 azaman tunani, ana shigar da aikace-aikacen misali a wurin da yanayin zafi ke tsakanin -17°C (1°F) da 70°C (158°F). Ƙarshen ƙarshen wannan kewayon yana da alama yana da girma ba gaskiya ba, amma kuma ya haɗa da tasirin dumama hasken rana na mai tarawa wanda ke fuskantar hasken rana kai tsaye. Layukan da ke kan tebur suna wakiltar tazarar zafin jiki tsakanin mafi girma da mafi ƙasƙanci ƙima.

Lokacin da mai amfani na ƙarshe ke aiki da tsarin, za su ƙara matsa lamba mai shinge har sai an kai matsa lamba a yanayin yanayin yanayi na yanzu. Matsin ƙararrawa shine matsa lamba wanda ke nuna cewa mai amfani na ƙarshe yana buƙatar ƙara ƙarin ruwan shamaki. A 25 ° C (77 ° F), mai aiki zai yi cajin mai tarawa zuwa mashaya 30.3 (440 PSIG), za a saita ƙararrawa don mashaya 30.7 (445 PSIG), kuma mai aiki zai ƙara ruwan shamaki har sai matsa lamba ya kai. 37.9 bar (550 PSIG). Idan yanayin zafin jiki ya ragu zuwa 0°C (32°F), to, matsa lamba na ƙararrawa zai faɗi zuwa mashaya 28.1 (408 PSIG) da matsi na sake cikawa zuwa mashaya 34.7 (504 PSIG).

A cikin wannan yanayin, ƙararrawa da sake cika matsi duka suna canzawa, ko kuma ta shawagi, don amsa yanayin yanayin yanayi. Ana kiran wannan hanya sau da yawa a matsayin dabarun iyo- iyo. Duka ƙararrawa da sake cika "tasowa ruwa." Wannan yana haifar da mafi ƙarancin matsi na aiki don tsarin rufewa. Wannan, duk da haka, yana sanya takamaiman buƙatu guda biyu akan mai amfani na ƙarshe; ƙayyade madaidaicin ƙararrawar ƙararrawa da sake cika matsa lamba. Matsin ƙararrawa don tsarin aiki ne na zafin jiki kuma dole ne a tsara wannan dangantaka cikin tsarin DCS na mai amfani na ƙarshe. Matsi na sake cikawa kuma zai dogara ne akan yanayin zafi, don haka mai aiki zai buƙaci koma zuwa farantin suna don nemo madaidaicin matsi na yanayin yanzu.

Wasu masu amfani da ƙarshen suna buƙatar hanya mafi sauƙi kuma suna son dabara inda duka matsi na ƙararrawa da matsi na sake cikawa suke akai-akai (ko ƙayyadaddun) kuma masu zaman kansu daga yanayin yanayin yanayi. Ƙimar ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun tsarin yana ba da mai amfani na ƙarshe tare da matsa lamba ɗaya kawai don sake cika tsarin kuma kawai ƙima don tsoratar da tsarin. Abin takaici, wannan yanayin dole ne a ɗauka cewa zafin jiki ya kasance a matsakaicin ƙimar, tun da lissafin yana ramawa ga yanayin zafin jiki na faduwa daga matsakaicin zuwa mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki. Wannan yana haifar da tsarin aiki a matsi mafi girma. A wasu aikace-aikacen, yin amfani da ƙayyadaddun dabarun da aka kafa na iya haifar da canje-canje a cikin ƙira ta hatimi ko ƙimar MAWP don wasu abubuwan tsarin don ɗaukar matsananciyar matsi.

Sauran masu amfani da ƙarshen za su yi amfani da tsarin haɗaɗɗiya tare da ƙayyadadden matsa lamba na ƙararrawa da matsa lamba mai iyo. Wannan na iya rage matsin lamba yayin da ake sauƙaƙa saitunan ƙararrawa. Ya kamata a yanke shawarar madaidaicin dabarun ƙararrawa kawai bayan la'akari da yanayin aikace-aikacen, kewayon zafin yanayi, da buƙatun mai amfani na ƙarshe.

Akwai wasu gyare-gyare a cikin ƙirar Tsarin Bututun 53B wanda zai iya taimakawa rage wasu daga cikin waɗannan ƙalubale. Dumama daga hasken rana zai iya ƙara yawan zafin jiki na mai tarawa don ƙididdige ƙira. Sanya mai tarawa a cikin inuwa ko gina garkuwar rana don mai tarawa zai iya kawar da dumama hasken rana kuma ya rage yawan zafin jiki a cikin lissafin.

A cikin bayanin da ke sama, ana amfani da kalmar zafin yanayi don wakiltar zafin iskar gas a cikin mafitsara. Ƙarƙashin tsayayyen yanayi ko a hankali canza yanayin zafin yanayi, wannan zato ne mai ma'ana. Idan akwai manyan juzu'i a cikin yanayin zafin yanayi tsakanin dare da rana, insulating mai tarawa zai iya daidaita ingantacciyar canjin yanayin zafi na mafitsara wanda ya haifar da ingantaccen yanayin aiki.

Ana iya faɗaɗa wannan hanyar zuwa yin amfani da gano zafi da insulation akan mai tarawa. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da wannan da kyau, mai tarawa zai yi aiki a zazzabi ɗaya ba tare da la'akari da canje-canjen yau da kullun ko na yanayi a cikin yanayin yanayi ba. Wannan watakila shine mafi mahimmancin zaɓin ƙira ɗaya don yin la'akari da shi a cikin yankunan da ke da babban bambancin zafin jiki. Wannan tsarin yana da babban tushe da aka shigar a cikin filin kuma ya ba da damar yin amfani da Shirin 53B a wuraren da ba zai yiwu ba tare da gano zafi.

Masu amfani na ƙarshe waɗanda ke yin la'akari da amfani da Tsarin Bututun 53B yakamata su sani cewa wannan tsarin bututun ba kawai Tsarin Bututun 53A bane tare da tarawa. Kusan kowane bangare na ƙirar tsarin, ƙaddamarwa, aiki, da kiyaye Tsarin 53B ya keɓanta da wannan tsarin bututun. Yawancin abubuwan takaici da masu amfani da ƙarshen suka samu sun fito ne daga rashin fahimtar tsarin. Seal OEMs na iya shirya ƙarin cikakken bincike don takamaiman aikace-aikacen kuma suna iya samar da bayanan da ake buƙata don taimakawa mai amfani na ƙarshe ya ƙididdigewa da sarrafa wannan tsarin yadda yakamata.